The WHO (World Health Organization) declared tuberculosis (TB) the world’s leading infectious disease killer worldwide. TB in children is believed to be among the top 10 causes of under 5 year-olds deaths, and contributes to more than 240.000 fatalities annually. The main obstacle remains the correct and timely identification of the disease, especially in resource-constrained setting. New tests are required, that would work with samples that can be easily obtained from children, and work in resource constrained settings.